Screening and characterization of siderophore producing endophytic bacteria from Cicer arietinum and Pisum sativum plants

Siderophores are low molecular weight iron chelating secondary metabolites synthesized by various groupsof microorganisms help in scavenging iron-limited conditions. Siderophores produced by endophytic bacteriafacilitate the plant growth by providing iron to plants. The objective of this study was to isolate and screenthe siderophore producing endophytes from nodules and roots of Cicer arietinum and Pisum sativum plants.Out of total 84 isolates, only 14 endophytes produced siderophore and quantitative analysis was also done.Ten best siderophore producers (above 65% siderophore units) were characterized for the type of siderophoreproduced. Most of them were producing hydroxamate and carboxylate type of siderophores. These 10 isolateswere evaluated for other plant growth promoting (PGP) traits in vitro. All of them were producing ammoniaand indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Isolate CPFR10 was found to be positive for all the PGP traits viz. ammonia,organic acid, HCN, and IAA production. Diversity analysis of these 10 isolates using Amplified rDNARestriction Analysis profile revealed nine genotypes at 90% similarity

Combined endothelial keratoplasty and clear lens extraction for corneal decompensation in irido-corneal endothelial syndrome.

A 38-year-old woman presented with corneal decompensation in left eye secondary to irido-corneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome. She underwent simultaneous Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) and clear lens extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. The surgery was accomplished comfortably without rupture of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS). 5 weeks postoperatively, the graft was a􀄴 ached, the cornea was clear and best-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/400 to 20/30. DSEK combined with clear lens extraction appears to be an eff ective measure to treat corneal decompensation in patients with ICE syndrome. Associated lens extraction in such cases increases the working space in anterior chamber for DSEK, which minimizes the intra-operative graft manipulation. This also avoids a future diffi cult cataract surgery in the presence of PAS and an endothelial graft, which may increase the chances of graft survival.

Thyroid associated orbitopathy.

Thyroid associated orbitopathy, also known as Graves’ orbitopathy, is typically a self-limiting autoimmune process associated with dysthyroid states. The clinical presentation may vary from very mild disease to severe irreversible sight-threatening complications. Despite ongoing basic science and clinical research, the pathogenesis and highly effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. The present article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of this common, yet poorly understood disease, which remains a challenge to the ophthalmologist.

Bilateral simultaneous acute angle closure caused by sulphonamide derivatives: A case series.

The sulphonamide group of drugs is implicated in bilateral acute angle closure (AAC) due to an idiosyncratic response. We report a series of three cases with bilateral AAC caused by different sulphonamide derivatives, their presentation and management.

Extranodal Rosai-Dorfman Disease presenting as an isolated epibulbar mass.

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare idiopathic disorder characterized by painless lymphadenopathy with cervical involvement in more than 80% cases. We report a case of Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting as an isolated epibulbar mass in a healthy young adult male. Epibulbar involvement in Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare presentation as can be seen from a review of all literature. The presentation, differential diagnosis and treatment are discussed.

Orbital cavernous hemangioma of childhood.

Ocular and orbital tumors, both benign and malignant, occur relatively frequently in infants and children. Benign masses are much more common than malignant in the orbital region. However, childhood tumors show great variability and it is difficult to differentiate benign from malignant lesions. Cavernous hemangioma is the most common benign neoplasm of the orbit in adults. We report a case of orbital cavernous hemangioma in a four-year-old girl presenting as unilateral painless proptosis.

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma.

Sebaceous carcinoma of the ocular adnexa is a malignant neoplasm which can exhibit aggressive local behavior and can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant organs. The neoplasm is known to masquerade as other benign and less malignant lesions, resulting in delay in diagnosis and relative high morbidity and mortality. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of recurrent upper eyelid nodules treated elsewhere as chalazion was done. Cytological smears were suggestive of malignancy. Subsequently histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of sebaceous gland carcinoma. Eyelid reconstruction was done after histopathologically confirmed tumor-free margins. The article highlights the role of FNAC in early diagnosis and subsequent appropriate surgical management of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma to prevent recurrence and metastasis.

Congenital eversion of upper eyelids: case report and management.

Congenital eversion of the upper eyelids is a rare condition, the exact cause of which remains unknown. It is more frequently associated with Down's syndrome and black babies. If diagnosed early and treated properly, the condition can be managed without surgery. We report a case of congenital bilateral severe upper eyelid eversion in a normal infant, born by vaginal delivery. The case was conservatively managed by lubricants, antibiotics and eyelid patching.

Results of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 13 months of age.

PURPOSE: To determine the success rate of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in children older than 13 months of age. METHODS: In a retrospective study of 84 children, 13 months and older who underwent probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, the age at probing was correlated with success of probing. The children were divided into two groups, Group 1(13 - 24 months) and Group 2 (>24 months). Success was defined as complete resolution of signs and symptoms. The chi-square test was used to analyse the result. RESULTS: The success rate was 88.1% in-group 1 and 80.1% in-group 2 (P = 0.84). There was no significant difference in the cure rate with increasing age (P = 0.6). CONCLUSION: Probing is highly successful in the older age group and should remain the first line of treatment in older children.